Abstract:[Objective] To introduce the surgical technique and preliminary clinical results of oblique lumbar interbody fusion com- bined with unilateral pedicle screw fixation in the same position. [Methods] From July 2018 to June 2019, 43 patients underwent oblique lumbar interbody fusion combined with unilateral pedicle screw fixation in the same position. After the patient was placed in the right later- al decubitus position, a 4 cm oblique incision was made on the left abdomen to approach to the retroperitoneal space by separating the ab- dominal muscles. As the target intervertebral space was exposed, the disc was resected, and then a fusion cage with bone allografts was in- serted into the space firmly. The patient remained in the right decubitus position, a 6cm posterior para-midline incision was made, the cor- responding articular and transverse processes were exposed through the muscular space. The pedicle screws were placed, and then connect- ing rods were installed for fixation. [Results] All patients had operation completed successfully with intraoperative blood loss of (50.42± 10.34) ml, operation time of (79.2±12.2) min, and the total screw placement time of (18.07±3.63) min, while without no serious nerve or vas- cular injury during operation. In the 43 patients, a total of 86 pedicle screws were inserted with screw placement accuracy of 96.51%. CT re- examination one year after the operation showed that the fusion rate was of 100%. In term of adverse event, 2 patients developed numbness and discomfort in the anteromedial side of the left thigh after surgery, which were significantly improved within 6 months after surgery. [Conclusion] Oblique lumbar interbody fusion combined with unilateral pedicle screw fixation in the same position for lumbar degenerative diseases do simplify the operation process, save the operation time, and have high safety and good clinical efficacy.