神经调控技术重建脊髓中继神经环路修复脊髓损伤

Neuromodulation reconstructs the spinal relay neural circuit to repair spinal cord injury

摘要:

摘要：脊髓损伤（SCI）破坏大脑和脊髓中神经环路间的信号传递，造成永久性瘫痪、感觉丧失及自主神经功能障碍等。位于脊髓损伤灶上端和下端大多数神经环路在解剖学上保持完整，上述环路可通过脊髓中继神经环路传递下行运动信号。因此，重建中继性神经环路已作为最具前途的治疗策略之一，其中神经调控技术能够利用残余大脑、脑干和脊髓神经元重建脊髓中继神经环路，改善SCI后神经功能障碍。为了解神经调控技术重建SCI后中继神经环路的最新进展，本综述总结SCI后大脑皮质、脑干和脊髓的中继神经环路重建。进一步讨论SCI后相关神经环路的神经调控的潜在机制及其意义。

Abstract:

Abstract: The communication between the brain and the spinal cord's regulatory nerve circuits is disrupted by spinal cord injury (SCI). As a result, there is sensory loss, lifelong paralysis, and autonomic dysfunction. The majority of the nerve circuits above and inferior to the foci of spinal cord injury, however, are physically unharmed, and the aforementioned nerve circuits can convey motor impulses via relay nerve loops down to the injured spinal cord regions. Therefore, one of the most promising therapeutic approaches to enhance functional recovery following SCI is the restoration of relay neuronal circuits. Moreover, the neuromodulation technique is able to utilize residual brain, brainstem and spinal cord neurons to reconstruct the spinal relay neural circuit and improve neurological function after SCI. In order to understand the progress of neuromodulation to reconstructs the spinal relay neural circuit.The repair of relay neuronal networks in the cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord following SCI is summarized in this article. Further discussion is given to the potential mechanisms and effects of neuromodulation of the pertinent brain circuits following SCI.