阿司匹林在大关节置换术中的应用进展

Progress in application of aspirin in major joint replacements

摘要:

全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty, THA)和全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty, TKA)是治疗骨关节疾病最有效的方法之一，可矫正畸形、减轻疼痛、提高生活质量。静脉血栓栓塞 (venous thrombus embolism, VTE) 是全关节置换术 (total joint arthroplasty, TJA) 的严重并发症，药物预防对降低血栓形成至关重要。阿司匹林 (aspirin, ASA) 不仅价格低廉、给药方便、无需血液监测、耐受性好及安全性高，而且还具有降低假体周围感染、异位骨化和死亡风险等优点。然而，目前学者尚不确定 ASA 是否可以替代其他抗凝剂用于 TJA 后血栓预防。因此，本文对 ASA 在 THA/TKA 中的应用进展进行综述，为 TJA 后抗血栓药物的选择提供参考。

Abstract:

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are among the most effective treatments for bone and joint diseases. Studies have proven that THA and TKA help patients correct deformities, reduce pain, and improve their quality of life. However, venous thrombus embolism (VTE) is a serious complication of the major joint replacements (MJR) . Pharmacological prophylaxis is essential to reduce thrombosis, of which aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA) not only has the advantages of low price, convenient administration, no need to blood monitoring, good tolerance and high safety, but also has the advantages of reducing the risk of periprosthetic infection, hetero- topic ossification and death. However, scholars are still uncertain whether ASA can replace other anticoagulants for thromboprophylaxis af- ter TJA. This paper reviews the application ASA in THA/TKA, and provides a reference for the selection of antithrombotic drugs after MJR.