外泌体在肌腱损伤修复作用的研究进展

Research progress in the role of exosomes in tendon injury repair

摘要:

肌腱是肌骨系统的一部分，是将力量从肌肉传递到骨骼的结缔组织，在急性或慢性损伤后，由于本身的性质独特， 肌腱的强度易受影响，易发生粘连并出现再次受伤的情况。在本病的治疗上除常规的物理疗法及手术治疗外，生物技术作为一种新颖且前景广阔的方法正逐步应用于临床。外泌体是一种双层膜结构的囊性小泡，包括多种蛋白标志物、DNA 片段及 RNA，近年研究发现，外泌体在肌腱病的治疗中发挥了抗炎、免疫调节和细胞修复等作用。本文通过对不同来源的外泌体在肌腱损伤修复的研究进展进行综述，概括并总结该领域最新的与临床转化相关的组织工程技术，旨在为后续研究提供一定参考。

Abstract:

Tendon is a part of musculoskeletal system, which is the connective tissue that transfers strength from muscle to bone. After acute or chronic injury, the tendon is susceptible to adhesion and re-injury due to its unique nature. In addition to conventional physical therapy and surgical treatment, biotechnology as a novel and promising method is gradually applied in clinic. Exosomes are bilayer vesicles containing a variety of protein markers, DNA fragments and RNA. Recent studies have found that exosomes play anti-inflammatory, immu- nomodulatory and cellular repair roles in the treatment of tendinopathy. This paper reviewed the research progress of exosomes from differ- ent sources in tendon injury repair, and summarized the latest tissue engineering techniques related to clinical transformation in this field, aiming to provide certain references for subsequent studies.