S2骶骨翼螺钉技术进展

Progress of second sacral alar screw technique

摘要:

很多脊柱疾病的手术治疗须将活动的腰椎部分固定融合至稳定的骶骨结构上，而腰骶区特殊的生理解剖结构决定了骶骨侧为内固定系统的应力集中区，因此，内固定松动、断裂常先出现于骶骨侧，最终导致融合失败，严重影响临床疗效。随着影像学技术的进展及骶骨生物力学研究的深入，S₂骶骨翼螺钉技术因其是在不跨越骶髂关节的基础上增加骶骨侧固定点和固定强度，可避免固定骶髂关节带来的相关并发症，越来越受到脊柱外科医师的关注，本文就国内外近年来该技术的应用解剖学、生物力学、技术要点及临床应用的相关研究做一综述，以期为临床医师和研究者提供参考。

Abstract:

In the surgical treatment of some spinal diseases, the active lumbar must be partially fixed and fused to stabilize the lumbosa- cral structure. The special physiological and anatomical structure of the lumbosacral region determines that the sacrum is the stress concen- tration area of the internal fixation system. Therefore, the failure of internal fixation often occurs on the sacral side first, and eventually leads to fusion failure, which seriously affects the clinical efficacy. With the development of imaging technology and the deepening of sacral biome- chanics research, the second sacral alar screw (S₂AIS) has attracted more and more attention of spine surgeons because it increases fixation points and strengthens in the sacrum fixation without crossing the sacroiliac joint to avoid the related complications of sacroiliac fixation. This paper reviews the researches at home and abroad on the anatomy, biomechanics, technical points and clinical applications of S₂AIS tech- nique in recent years, providing a reference for orthopedic surgeons and researchers.