梯度压缩腿套对新兵训练应力性骨损伤的影响△

Effect of gradient compression leg cover on stress bone injury during recruit training

摘要:

[目的] 探讨新兵训练期间佩戴梯度压缩腿套对下肢应力性骨损伤发生的影响。[方法] 本研究于 2023 年 3 月—6 月在陆军某新训基地进行。共 460 名入伍新训男性学员纳入本研究，采用随机数字表法将研究对象分为穿戴组和未穿戴组，每组 230 人。穿戴组新训学员全程穿戴梯度压缩腿套，未穿戴组则不穿戴腿套，两组接受相同的训练科目。本研究在试验前、试验后 1 个月和 2 个月后进行评估，确定应力性骨损伤的发生情况，比较两组疼痛程度、疲劳程度。[结果]试验后 2 个月，应力性骨损伤阳性体征者，穿戴组为 11 例 （4.8%），未穿戴组为 44 例 （19.1%）。MRI 确诊为应力性骨损伤者，穿戴组为 3 例 （1.3%），未穿戴组为 14 例 （6.1%），两组间差异有统计学意义 （P=0.011）。试验前两组的 VAS 评分、Borg 评分的差异均无统计学意义 （P＞0.05)。在试验后 1、2 个月，穿戴组 VAS [(1.3±1.2) vs (1.7±1.3), P=0.001; (1.4±1.3) vs (1.9±1.5), P＜0.001] 和 Borg 评分 [(13.0±1.1) vs (13.7±1.3), P＜0.001; (13.2±1.1) vs (13.8±1.4), P＜0.001] 均显著低于未穿戴组。[结论]在新兵训练过程中，梯度压缩腿套可以有效改善下肢运动后疼痛和疲劳，减少应力性骨损伤发生率。

Abstract:

[Objective] To investigate the effect of gradient-compression leg covers on stress bone injury of lower limbs in recruit training. [Method] This study was carried out at a recruit training base of a group army from March to June 2023. A total of 460 newly trained male recruits were included in this study, and were divided into wearing group and non-wearing group by random number table method, with 230 participants in each group. The new trainees in the wearing group wore the gradient compression legs cover throughout the course, while the non-wearing group did not wear the leg cover. Both groups received the same training subjects. Assessment was performed before, 1 month and 2 months after the trial to determine the occurrence of stress bone injury and compare the degrees of pain and fatigue between the two groups. [Results] At end of 2-month trial, the subjects with positive signs of stress bone injury were of 11 cases (4.8%) in the wearing group , while 44 cases (19.1%) in the non-wearing group. In addition, persons who were diagnosed with stress bone injury by MRI were of 3 cases (1.3%) in the wearing group, whereas 14 cases (6.1%) in the non-wearing group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.011). There was no significant difference in VAS score and Borg score between the two groups before the trail (P＞ 0.05). One month and 2 months after the trail, the wearing group proved significantly superior to the non-wearing group in terms of pain VAS score [(1.3±1.2) vs (1.7±1.3), P=0.001; (1.4±1.3) vs (1.9±1.5), P＜0.001] and Borg score [(13.0±1.1) vs (13.7±1.3), P＜0.001; (13.2±1.1) vs (13.8±1.4), P＜0.001]. [Conclusion] In the process of recruit training, the gradient compression leg cover does effectively improve the pain and fatigue relief after lower limb exercise, and reduce the incidence of stress bone injury.