颈椎后纵韧带骨化症的临床研究进展

Clinical research progress on ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the cervical spine

摘要:

后纵韧带骨化（ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, OPLL） 是一种好发于颈椎的异位骨化性病变，目前对其生理病理学的认识尚不清楚，其发生发展可能与遗传和环境等多种因素相关。主要临床表现为脊髓、神经根因骨化物受压而出现的一组神经功能障碍症候群。影像学资料结合临床症状体征可以做出诊断，依据X 线片能够看到椎体后方形成的骨化物，磁共振能够评估脊髓、神经根的受压程度，CT 能够更好地评估骨化物并进行分型。临床中无症状患者可以行保守治疗，但需要密切关注病情进展并接受合理的临床指导，存在脊髓压迫及神经根症状的患者倾向于手术治疗，但根据患者症状体征及分型手术入路的选择有所不同。

Abstract:

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is an ectopic ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament(OPLL), which is prone to occur in cervical spine. At present, the physiological and pathological understanding of OPLL remains not clear,and its occurrence and development may be related to genetic and environmental factors. The main clinical manifestations are a group ofneurological dysfunction syndromes due to compression of spinal cord and nerve roots. Imaging data combined with clinical signs and symp-toms can be used to make diagnosis. The ossified matter formed behind the vertebral body can be seen by X-ray, the compression degree ofspinal cord and nerve roots can be assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, and the ossified matter can be better evaluated and classifiedby CT. Clinically asymptomatic patients can be treated conservatively, but need to pay close attention to the progress of the disease and ac-cept reasonable clinical guidance. Patients with spinal cord compression and nerve root symptoms tend to be treated with surgery, but thechoice of surgical approach varies according to the symptoms, signs and types of patients.