Abstract:[Objective] To investigate the short-term outcomes of core muscle training for mild adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. [Meth-ods] A retrospective study was conducted on 33 patients who were hospitalized for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in our hospital from Decem-ber 2021 to June 2023. According to the results of doctor-patient communication, 18 patients received systematic core muscle training (CMgroup), while other 15 patients received traditional physical training (TP group). The clinical and imaging data of the two groups were com-pared. [Results] All patients in both groups successfully completed the training without serious adverse reactions. There was no significantdifference in treatment compliance VAS scores between the two groups (P＞0.05). After 10 weeks of treatment, the standing height and sittingheight were increased (P＜0.05), the main curve Cobb angle, C7-CSVL and SVA, the temperature difference between the paravertebral mus-cle and rectus abtris in infrared thermal imaging, and the plantar pressure transfer in the 2~5 metatarsal bone and the medial heel regionwere significantly improved in both groups (P＜0.05). At 10 weeks after of treatment, CM group proved significantly superior to the TP groupin terms of standing height [(156.5±4.6) cm vs (155.8±4.3) cm, P＜0.001], sitting height [(84.4±4.6) cm vs (82.6±4.4) cm, P＜0.001], Maincurve Cobb angle [(15.3±3.1)° vs (17.1±3.9)°, P＜0.001], C7PL-CSVL [(23.3±3.1) mm vs (25.3±3.2) mm, P＜0.001], and SVA [(31.5±3.9) mmvs (33.8±3.9) mm, P＜0.001]. [Conclusion] The core muscle training does strengthen the core muscles on both sides of the spine and im-prove the spinal spatial balance, which is of great significance for the prevention of spinal deformity.