上颈椎骨折微创手术技术的发展△

Development of minimally invasive surgical techniques for upper cervical fractures

摘要:

上颈椎解剖位置特殊、结构复杂，上接颅脑、下连脊柱，周围有重要的神经和血管组织，头颈部的致伤暴力容易导致此处骨折脱位甚至脊髓损伤。在治疗上，常规开放手术创伤大、并发症多，多数患者难以接受，而保守治疗适应证又很局限。微创手术以其组织损伤小、并发症少等优势逐渐成为一项新的选择。本文将上颈椎骨折微创手术技术的发展作一综述，以期为临床治疗提供参考。

Abstract:

The upper cervical spine has a special anatomical position and complex structure. It connects with the skull above and thespine below, with important nerve and vascular structures around it. Trauma to the head and neck is prone to lead to fracture and disloca-tion of the upper cervical spine, even complicated with spinal cord injury. In terms of treatment, conventional open surgery has considerableiatrogenic trauma with many complications, which is difficult to be accepted by most patients. However, conservative treatment has limitedindications and other shortages. Minimally invasive surgery has gradually become a new choice due to its advantages of less tissue damageand fewer complications. This article reviews the development of minimally invasive surgical techniques for upper cervical spine fracturesand dislocations, in order to provide reference for clinical practice.