膝黏膜韧带的研究进展△

Research progress in knee ligamentum mucosum

摘要:

黏膜韧带 （ligamentum mucosum, LM） 也称髌下皱襞 （infrapatellar plica, IPP） 或髌下滑膜皱襞，是膝关节囊滑膜层内的韧带结构。成年人中 LM 的存在率为 65%~90%，且随着年龄增加逐渐降低，这可能与创伤和关节退变有关。LM 通常位于前交叉韧带（anterior cruciate ligament, ACL）的前方，并与 ACL 平行，一端起自股骨髁间窝，另一端连接髌下脂肪垫（infrapa- tellar fat pad, IFP）。其形态多变，为致密的结缔组织，与其他膝关节韧带一致。近年来，由于其潜在临床作用，受到越来越多的关注。研究发现，LM 是膝前疼痛（anterior knee pain, AKP）的病因之一，然而对于关节镜术中是否常规切除 LM 一直存在争议。本文将从 LM 的定义、起源、解剖、分类、临床意义、检查和治疗等方面进行综述。

Abstract:

The ligamentum mucosum (LM), also known as infrapatellar plica (IPP) or infrapatellar synovial plica, is a ligamentous structure within the synovial layer of the knee joint. The prevalence of the LM in adults ranges from 65% to 90% and decreases with age, probably due to injuries and degeneration of the knee. The LM originates from the intercondylar notch of the femur and inserts into the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP), it is located anteriorly to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and parallel to the ACL. The LM is a highly variable structure and is composed of dense regular connective tissue which consistent with other knee ligaments. In recent years, this structure has received increasing attention due to its potential clinical role. LM has been found to be one of the causes of anterior knee pain (AKP). However, whether LM should be routinely removed during arthroscopy has been controversial. This article reviews the definition, origin, anatomy, classification, clinical significance, examination and treatment of the LM.