光热和光动力疗法清除假体生物膜的研究进展△（开放获取）

Research progress in photothermal and photodynamic therapy for eradicating biofilms on prosthetic components

摘要:

生物膜形成是治疗假体周围感染（periprosthetic joint infection, PJI）的主要挑战，常常导致对免疫系统和抗生素的耐受性。然而，用于对抗植入物上已形成的生物膜的智能性非手术或非侵入性治疗方法的报道较少。近年来，光热疗法 （photo- thermal therapy, PTT） 和光动力疗法 （photodynamic therapy, PDT） 因其组织穿透更深、药物控释精准及正常组织损伤小、高选择性等优点，在医学领域的潜在应用受到越来越多的关注。本文概述临床上用于 PJI 的常规方法及其缺点，利用 PTT 和 PDT， 实现假体周围感染后生物膜清除的研究进展，并讨论光热和光动力疗法在假体周围感染治疗中仍存的设计及应用问题，为其在清除假体周围感染生物膜的临床或临床前研究提供了新思路。

Abstract:

Biofilm formation is a major challenge in treating periprosthetic joint infections (PJI), often leading to tolerance to the immune system and antibiotics. However, there are few reports on intelligent non-surgical or non-invasive treatment methods for combating biofilms already formed on the implants. In recent years, photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) have received increasing attention for their potential applications in the medical field due to its advantages of deeper tissue penetration, precise drug release, minimal damage to normal tissues, and high selectivity. This article provides an overview of conventional clinical methods for treating PJI and their limitations, as well as the progress in biofilm eradication following PJI using PTT and PDT, and discusses the remaining design and application challenges of these therapies in PJI treatment. It also offers new insights for clinical or preclinical research aimed at eliminating biofilms on the infected periprosthetic components.