膝关节后外侧角损伤的研究进展

Research progress of posterolateral corner injury of the knee

摘要:

膝关节后外侧角是位于膝后外侧稳定结构的统称，包括外侧副韧带、腘肌腱、腘腓韧带等重要结构。在过去，对于后外侧角并没有得到充分的认识，因此对其解剖结构不明确、生物力学及功能不了解，导致其损伤后极易被误诊漏诊，遗留膝关节慢性疼痛、不稳甚至畸形，并导致交叉韧带重建失败。本文通过回顾既往文献，对后外侧角的解剖、生物力学、诊断及治疗作一综述，以加深对其的认识。

Abstract:

The posterolateral corner of the knee joint refers to a complex of stabilizing structures situated on the posterolateral aspect of the knee, encompassing critical components such as the lateral collateral ligament, the popliteus tendon, and the popliteofibular ligament. Historically, there has been a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the posterolateral corner, resulting in ambiguities concerning its anatomical configuration, biomechanics, and functional role. This inadequate knowledge has frequently led to misdiagnosis and overlooked injuries, subsequently causing chronic pain, instability, and potential deformity of the knee joint, and resulting in unsuccessful outcomes in cruciate ligament reconstruction. This article offers a comprehensive review of the anatomy, biomechanics, diagnosis, and treatment of the posterolateral corner of the knee by synthesizing existing literature, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of this subject.