缺氧诱导因子在骨关节炎中的研究进展

Research progress on hypoxia-inducible factors in osteoarthritis

摘要:

骨关节炎（osteoarthritis, OA）是一种由软骨细胞丧失、基质降解和滑膜炎症引起的慢性退行性关节疾病，广泛影响全球人群健康。目前，尚无有效的治疗方法能够延缓其病情进展。近年来的研究表明，缺氧诱导因子家族 （hypoxia-inducible factors, HIFs）在调控软骨细胞外基质代谢、细胞凋亡、炎症反应、自噬及铁死亡等方面发挥着关键作用，通过基因沉默、镁基生物材料及小分子化合物靶向调节 HIFs 的表达，已被证实能够改善软骨退化并减缓 OA 的进程。因此，HIFs 被认为是 OA 治疗中的潜在靶点。本文综述了现有文献中关于 HIFs 在 OA 中的研究进展，分析了不同亚型 HIFs 在骨关节炎中的作用，并探讨了基于 HIFs 的 OA 靶向治疗策略，旨在为骨关节炎的治疗提供新的思路和见解。

Abstract:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease caused by chondrocyte loss, matrix degradation and synovial inflammation, which widely affects the health of the global population. At present, there is no effective treatment method that can delay the progression of the disease. Recent studies have shown that the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) family plays a key role in regulating extracellular matrix metabolism, apoptosis, inflammatory response, autophagy and ferroptosis of chondrocytes. Targeted regulation of HIFs expression through gene silencing, magnesium-based biomaterials and small molecule compounds has been proven to improve cartilage degeneration and slow down the process of OA. Therefore, HIFs is regarded as a potential target in the treatment of OA. This article reviews the research progress of HIFs in OA in the existing literature, analyzes the role of different subtypes of HIFs in osteoarthritis, and discusses the targeted treatment strategies for OA based on HIFs, aiming to provide new ideas and insights for the treatment of osteoarthritis.