股骨头坏死巨噬细胞极化现象的研究进展△

Research progress on macrophage polarization in osteonecrosis of the femoral head

摘要:

股骨头坏死 (osteonecrosis of femoral head, ONFH) 是常见和难治性骨科疾病，其发病机制目前仍不完全明确。近年来，越来越多的证据已证实 ONFH 的发生、发展与巨噬细胞的异常极化现象有关。促炎型巨噬细胞(classically activated/inflam- matory macrophages, M1) 的过度激活以及向抗炎型巨噬细胞 (alternatively activated/regenerative macrophages, M2) 的极化失败， 介导了坏死骨组织的慢性炎症，导致持续的骨组织破坏和再生修复障碍，最终诱发 ONFH。在这一过程中，多条信号通路发挥着重要的调控作用。在本文中，作者综述了 ONFH 巨噬细胞极化现象的研究进展，重点阐述了巨噬细胞异常极化与 ONFH 的关系以及相关信号通路在其中的调控作用。

Abstract:

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a common refractory orthopedic disease, and its pathogenesis is still not com- pletely clear. In recent years, more and more evidences have linked the occurrence and development of ONFH with the abnormal polariza- tion of macrophages. The persistent activation of classical activated / pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1) and the failure of polarization to anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2) mediate the chronic inflammation of necrotic bone tissue, leading to the continuous destruction of bone tissue and the obstacle of regeneration and repair, and finally induce bone necrosis. In this process, several signal pathways play important regulatory roles. In this review, we summarize available findings in the researches of macrophage polarization in ONFH, focusing on the rela- tionship between abnormal polarization of macrophage and ONFH, as well as the regulatory roles of related signal pathways.