Abstract:[Objective] To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral intervention on kinesophobia after posterior lumbar interbody fu-sion (PLIF) for lumbar degenerative diseases. [Methods] From January 2021 to January 2023, a total of 100 patients who underwent PLIF forlumbar degenerative diseases and suffered from postoperative kinesophobia were enrolled into this study. The patients were randomly divid-ed into two groups by coin toss method. Among them, 50 patients were given cognitive behavioral intervention on the basis of routine care,while the other 50 cases were only given postoperative routine care. The clinical data of the two groups were compared. [Results] The inter-vention group proved significantly superior to the routine group in terms of bed rest time [(2.1±0.6) days vs (3.8±0.8) days, P＜0.001], hospitalstay [(7.2±1.1) days vs (8.5±1.3) days, P＜0.001], and the total incidence of complications (8% vs 24%, P=0.029). In addition, the interven-tion group returned to full weight-bearing activities significantly earlier than the routine group [(45.3±4.9) days vs (53.8±6.6) days, P＜0.001]. As time went on, Tampa scale for kinesiophobia (TSK) significantly decreased (P＜0.05), while JOA score significantly increased inboth groups (P＜0.05). At 1 week and 1 month after surgery, the intervention group was significantly better than the routine group in terms ofTSK score [(32.1±5.3) vs (44.8±6.6), P＜0.001; (23.4±3.7) vs (30.4±4.7), P＜0.001] and JOA score [(20.6±3.5) vs (18.8±3.2), P＜0.001; (22.4±3.0) vs (20.5±3.4), P＜0.001]. [Conclusion] Cognitive behavioral intervention does promote early recovery of kinesophobia after PLIF forlumbar degenerative diseases, reduce the incidence of complications and promote functional rehabilitation.