多功能复合支架诱导成骨的研究现状△

Research status of multifunctional composite scaffold induced osteogenesis

摘要:

骨缺损是由多种因素引起的严重骨科问题，因其治疗难度大、术后恢复效果差，已成为骨折、骨肿瘤及关节置换术后面临的重大挑战。多功能复合支架因其优良的生物相容性、可降解性及成骨诱导特性，已广泛应用于骨缺损的治疗。不同的支架材料可以通过不同的机制促进骨髓间充质干细胞（bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells, BMSCs）向成骨细胞分化。然而由于单一功能的支架促进骨修复能力较为局限，难以达到预想的治疗效果，因此，制备具有多种功能的复合支架有望成为治疗骨缺损的新方法。本文总结了近几年国内外不同支架的特点及成骨方式，就多功能复合支架在骨缺损中的研究现状进行了综述。

Abstract:

Bone defect is a serious orthopaedic problem caused by multiple factors. Due to obstinacy and poor prognosis, it has become a major challenge after failed managements for fracture, bone tumor and joint replacement. Multifunctional composite scaffolds have been widely used in the treatment of bone defects due to their excellent biocompatibility, degradability and osteoinduction properties. Different scaffold materials can promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) into osteoblasts through different mechanisms. However, due to the limited capacity of single-function scaffolds to promote bone repair, it is difficult to achieve the expected therapeutic effect. Therefore, the preparation of composite scaffolds with multiple functions is expected to become a new method for the treatment of bone defects. This paper summarizes the characteristics and osteogenic manner of different scaffolds at home and abroad in recent years, and reviews the research status of multifunctional composite scaffolds for bone defects.