慢性踝关节不稳相关因素的研究进展△

Research progress on factors related to chronic ankle instability

摘要:

踝关节扭伤（ankle sprain, AS）是人体运动系统最常见的损伤疾病之一，约 40%的急性踝关节扭伤最终会发展为慢性踝关节不稳（chronic ankle instability, CAI），其远期并发症的防治已成为运动医学领域的重要研究课题。CAI 发生机制涉及本体感觉障碍、神经肌肉控制异常、关节力学改变等多个因素及因素之间的相互作用。主要危险因素包括年龄、体重、生物力学等内源因素和运动习惯、姿势控制等外源因素。本文总结了近年来国内外相关文献，就 CAI 相关危险因素的研究进展做一综述，以期为早期识别高危因素并采取针对性预防措施、降低 CAI 发生率、改善患者预后提供参考。

Abstract:

Ankle sprain (AS) is one of the most common injuries of the human locomotor system, and about 40% of patients with acute ankle sprain will eventually develop chronic ankle instability (CAI), and the prevention and treatment of its long-term complications has become an important research topic in the field of sports medicine. The mechanism of CAI involves multiple factors and the interactions between them, such as proprioceptive disorders, neuromuscular control abnormalities, and changes in joint mechanics. The main risk factors include endogenous factors, such as age, weight, and biomechanics, and exogenous factors, such as exercise habits and posture control. This article summarizes the relevant literature at home and abroad in recent years, and reviews the research progress of CAI-related risk factors, in order to provide a reference for early identification of high-risk factors and targeted preventive measures, reducing the incidence of CAI, and improving the prognosis of the patients.