巨噬细胞极化在激素性股骨头坏死中作用的研究进展

Role of macrophage polarization in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head

摘要:

激素性股骨头坏死（steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head, SONFH）是骨科常见的高度致残、致畸性疾病，目前发病机制尚未明确。近年来，越来越多的研究证实长期慢性糖皮质激素的使用引起促炎型巨噬细胞（M1型）极化增加并抑制抗炎型巨噬细胞（M2型）极化，导致慢性炎症介质持续产生，进一步引起骨免疫失衡，这一过程成为了SONFH的重要致病机制并受多条信号通路调控。本文就巨噬细胞极化在激素性股骨头坏死中的作用机制和相关信号通路进行综述，为进一步防治SONFH提供思路。

Abstract:

Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is a common and highly disabling and deformative disease in orthopedics. The pathogenesis of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head remains unclear. In recent years, more and more studies have confirmed that long-term chronic glucocorticoid use causes increased polarization of pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1 type) and inhibits the polarization of anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2 type), leading to the continuous production of chronic inflammatory mediators, which further causes bone immune imbalance. This process might be an important pathogenic mechanism of SONFH and is regulated by multiple signaling pathways. This article reviews the mechanism and related signaling pathways of macrophage polarization in SONFH, providing ideas for further prevention and treatment of SONFH.