• Volume 32,Issue 8,2024 Table of Contents
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    • >临床论著
    • 3D printing assistance and Frosch approach for open reduction and internal fixation of posterolateral tibial plateau fractures

      2024, 32(8):673-678. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.01

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      Abstract:[Objective] To explore the strategy and outcome of 3D printing assistance and Frosch approach for open reduction and in-ternal fixation (ORIF) of posterolateral tibial plateau fractures. [Methods] A retrospective study was performed on 43 patients who receivedORIF for posterolateral tibial plateau fractures in our hospital from January 2021 to February 2022. According to the preoperative doctorpatientcommunication, 21 patients were treated with ORIF of 3D printing assistance and Frosch approach (Frosch group), while the re-mained 22 patients received ORIF via the anterolateral combined posterolateral Carlson approach (AP groups). The documents regarding toperioperative period, follow-up and images were compared between the two groups. [Results] All patients in both groups had correspondingsurgical procedures performed successfully, without significant differences in terms of operation time, total incision length, intraoperativeblood loss, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, hospital stay between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the Frosch group resumed walking sig-nificantly earlier than the AP group [(8.4±0.3) days vs (14.5±0.3) days, P<0.001]. Compared with those 3 months after surgery, the VASscore for knee pain, HSS score and knee extension-flexion ROM were significantly improved in both groups at the last follow-up (P<0.05).The Frosch group proved significantly superior to the AP group in terms of VAS [(2.2±1.1) vs (3.9±1.7), P=0.039] 3 months after surgery,[(0.9±0.7) vs (1.8±1.4), P<0.001] at the last follow-up; HSS score [(62.5±6.2) vs (58.1±6.3), P=0.026] 3 months postoperatively, [(88.8±7.5)vs (81.6±9.2), P=0.007] at the latest follow-up; the knee ROM [(91.7±3.2)° vs (87.6±3.8)°, P<0.001] 3 months postoperatively, [(120.6±4.3)° vs (116.9±3.5)°, P=0.003] at the final interview. [Conclusion] The 3D printing assistance combined with Frosch approach can explorethe posterolateral tibial plateau fracture directly to facilitate effective reduction of the articular surface and placement of internal fixation im-plants, reduce operative complications, regain ambulation early, and achieve better functional recovery.

    • Absorbable versus metal screws for internal fixation of Maisonneuve's fractures

      2024, 32(8):679-684. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.02

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      Abstract:[Objective] To compare the clinical efficacy of absorbable versus metal screws for internal fixation of Maisonneuve frac-tures. [Methods] A retrospective study was conducted on 31 patients who received surgical treatment for Maisonneuve fractures in our de-partment from January 2020 to October 2021. Based on preoperative surgeon-patient discussion, 15 patients had internal fixation with ab-sorbable screws, while the remaining 16 patients were with metal screws. The perioperative, clinical and imaging documents were comparedbetween the two groups. [Results] There were no significant differences in operation time, total incision length, intraoperative blood loss, in-traoperative fluoroscopy times, incision healing grade and hospital stay between the two groups (P>0.05). All patients in both groups werefollowed up for a mean of (19.2±4.6) months, and the absorbable group resumed full weight-bearing activity significantly earlier than themetal group [(70.4±8.6) days vs (84.6±5.6) days, P<0.001]. As time went by, the AOFAS score and ankle dorsal-plantar flexion ROM inboth groups increased significantly, while the VAS score decreased significantly (P<0.05). At 3 months after surgery, the absorbable groupproved significantly superior to the metal group regarding ankle dorsal-plantar flexion ROM [(42.5±3.6)° vs (38.2±4.9)°, P=0.009], whereaswhich turned to be no significant difference between the two groups at 12 months after surgery and the last follow-up (P>0.05). In addition,there were no statistically significant differences in terms of AOFAS and VAS scores between the two groups at any time points accordingly(P>0.05). With respect to imaging, there was no statistically significant difference in postoperative fracture reduction quality between thetwo groups (P>0.05). Compared with those preoperatively, the medial clear space (MCS) and tibiofibular clear space (TFCS) in both groupssignificantly declined (P<0.05), while the tibiofibular overlap (TFO) increased significantly at the last follow-up (P<0.05), which proved notstatistically significant between the two groups at any matching time points (P>0.05). At the last follow-up, all patients in both group got theinjury healed well with on a statistically significant difference in healing time between them (P>0.05). [Conclusion] The absorbable screwfixation does achieve similar clinical consequence with the metal counterpart for Maisonneuve fracture, however, the former has advantages of early weight-bearing exercise and no need for secondary surgery to remove the implant over the latter.

    • Anterolateral plate combined with medial minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for tibial Pilon fractures

      2024, 32(8):685-690. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.03

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      Abstract:[Objective] To compare the clinical efficacy of anterolateral (AL) plate combined with medial minimal invasive plate osteo-synthesis (MIPO) versus anterolateral fixation alone for tibial Pilon fractures. [Methods] From March 2019 to May 2022, 115 patients withPilon fracture of distal tibia were randomly divided into two groups by drawing lots. Of them, 58 patients received AL plate combined withmedial MIPO (the combined group), while the remaining 57 patients received AL fixation alone (the AL group). The perioperative, followupand imaging documents of the two groups were compared. [Results] Although the combined group was inferior to the AL group in termsof operation time [(75.4±14.0) min vs (68.6±13.7) min, P=0.010], incision length [(7.0±0.5) cm vs (4.8±0.4) cm, P<0.001], intraoperative flu-oroscopy times [(9.2±2.0) times vs (6.4±1.8) times, P<0.001], the former proved significantly superior to the latter in terms of intraoperativeblood loss [(54.8±10.2) ml vs (60.5±10.5) ml, P=0.004], hospital stay [(8.5±2.4) days vs (10.3±3.1) days, P<0.001], postoperative walkingtime [(11.0±2.5) days vs (16.5±3.0) days, P<0.001] and time to resume full weight-bearing activity [(101.5±25.0) days vs (120.4±25.2) days,P<0.001]. The VAS and AOFAS score, as well as dorsal extension-plantar flexion ROM in both groups were significantly improved overtime (P<0.05). The combined group was significantly better than the AL group in terms of VAS score [(2.0±0.5) vs (2.7±0.8), P<0.001], AO-FAS score [(68.8±12.6) vs (63.5 ±11.2), P=0.019] and ROM [(55.0±6.5)° vs (51.5±7.0)°, P=0.006] 3 months postoperatively, whereas whichbecame not statistically significant between the two groups at the latest follow-up (P>0.05). Radiographically, the articular congruency, me-chanical lateral distal tibial angle (mLDTA) and anterior distal tibial angle (ADTA) significantly improved (P<0.05), while K-L grade re-mained unchanged significantly (P>0.05) at 3 months after surgery and the last follow-up compared with those preoperatively, which werenot statistically significant at any corresponding time points between the two groups (P>0.05). [Conclusion] The anterolateral plate combined with medial MIPO for distal tibial Pilon fractures is beneficial to the early recovery of ankle joint function.

    • Cannulated screws versus support plate for fixation of posterior malleolus fracture fragment

      2024, 32(8):691-696. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.04

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      Abstract:[Objective] To compare the clinical efficacy of cannulated screw fixation versus support plate fixation of the posterior malle-olar fracture fragment in the trimalleolar fractures. [Methods] A retrospective study was done on 68 patients who received surgical treat-ment for trimalleolar fractures from February 2018 to February 2021. According to the surgeon-patient communication, 41 patients had theposterior malleolus fragment fixed with cannulated screws (CS), while the other 27 patients were fixed with support plates (SP). The data re-garding to perioperative period, follow-up and images were compared between the two groups. [Results] There were no significant differenc-es in terms of operation time, incision length, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, incision healing grade, hospitalstay, walking time, occurrences of incision infection and thrombosis events between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the CS group provedsignificantly superior to the SP group in terms of incidence of toe flexion contracture [case (%), 2 (4.9) vs 7 (25.9), P=0.012] and implant irri-tation [case (%), 3 (7.3) vs 11 (40.7), P<0.001]. Compared with those 3 months after surgery, the VAS score, AOFAS score and ankle-dorsi-flexion/plantar flexion ROM in both groups were significantly improved at the last follow-up (P<0.05), whereas which were not statisticallysignificant at any corresponding time points between the two groups (P>0.05). Radiographically, there were no statistically significant differ-ences in the quality of fracture reduction, bone healing and traumatic arthritis between the two groups (P>0.05). The tibiofibular clear space(TFCS) and medial clear space (MCS) in both groups were significantly decreased at the last follow-up compared with those preoperatively(P>0.05), while there were no significant differences in TFCS and MCS between the two groups at corresponding time points (P>0.05).[Conclusion] Both cannulated screws and support plates do effectively fix posterior malleolus fracture, and achieve satisfactory clinical con-sequences, despite that the progression of post-traumatic arthritis needs to be furtherly followed up. Compared with support plate fixation,cannulated screw fixation is simpler and more effective, with fewer implant-related complications.

    • Factors related to poor incision healing after posterior pedicle screw fixation of thoracolumbar fractures

      2024, 32(8):697-701. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.05

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      Abstract:[Objective] To explore the risk factors of poor incision healing after posterior pedicle screw fixation of thoracolumbar frac-tures. [Method] A total of 146 patients were included in this study, who underwent posterior pedicle screw fixation of thoracolumbar frac-tures in our hospital From June 2017 to September 2022. The patients were divided into two groups based on the condition of incision heal-ing: the poor incision healing group (PIH) and the good incision healing group (GIH). Univariate comparison and multivariate logistic regres-sion analysis were used to explore the risk factors for PIH. [Results] Among146 patients who underwent surgical treatment, 21 had PIH, ac-counting for 14.4%. As results of univariate comparisons, the PIH groups proved significantly greater than the GIH group in terms of age[(47.8±8.1) years vs (41.3±11.2) years, P=0.003], BMI [(26.0±5.3) kg/m2 vs (21.1±3.4) kg/m2, P<0.001], history of diabetes [yes/no, (11/10)vs (10/115) , P<0.001], operation time [(91.9±17.9) min vs (77.7±16.5) min, P<0.001], and the ratio of posterior internal fixation and simpleminimally invasive internal fixation [fixation / open decompression fixation / minimally invasive fixation, (4/9/8) vs (76/18/31), P<0.001].The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes (OR=4.017, P=0.030), BMI (OR=1.178, P=0.009), and operation time(OR=1.036, P=0.040) were independent risk factors for poor wound healing after posterior pedicle screw fixation of thoracolumbar fractures.[Conclusion] The longer operation time, greater BMI and diabetes are the main factors related to poor wound healing after posterior pedi-cle screw fixation of thoracolumbar fractures.

    • Three kinds of flaps for repairing soft tissue defect complicated with open ankle fracture disloca

      2024, 32(8):702-708. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.06

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      Abstract:[Objective] To compare the clinical outcomes of three kinds of flaps in repairing soft tissue defect complicated with openankle joint fracture and dislocation. [Methods] A retrospective study was conducted on 51 patients who received surgical treatment for softtissue defect complicated with open ankle fracture and dislocation in our department from January 2015 to February 2021. According todoctor-patient communication, 29 cases received perforating artery perforator flap (PAPF), 15 cases received sural neurocutaneous flap(SNCF), and 7 cased underwent anterolateral thigh flaps (ALTF). The documents of perioperative period and follow-up were comparedamong the three groups. [Results] The ALTF group proved significantly greater than the PAPF and SNCF in terms of operation time of[(165.5±26.4) min vs (125.3±13.8) min vs (120.8±11.3) min, P<0.001], flap area [(62.7±6.7) cm2 vs (55.3±6.4) cm2 vs (54.9±8.2) cm2, P=0.038], intraoperative blood loss [(298.6±30.7) ml vs (238.9±38.9) ml vs (229.6±30.7) ml, P<0.001], whereas there were no statistical signifi-cances between PAPF and SNCF groups in abovesaid items (P>0.05). However, there were no significant differences among the threegroups in terms of the time interval of two stage operations, the closure form of donor area, the healing of donor area, and the hospital stay(P>0.05). All the patients in the 3 groups were followed up for a mean of (14.7±2.0) months, and there was no significant difference in thetime to resume full weight-bearing activity among the three groups (P>0.05). The VAS score, ankle dorsal-plantar flexion ROM, AOFASscore and donor scar score were significantly improved over time (P<0.05). The PAPF group got significant improvement in sensory functionwith time (P<0.05), while the SNCF group and ALTF group had it remained unchanged (P>0.05). At the last follow-up, the ankle dorsalplantarflexion ROM in PAPF and SNCF groups was significantly better than that in ALTF group [(62.1±5.1)° vs (61.7±6.2)° vs (54.9±5.3)°,P=0.010]. The PAPF and ALTF group were significantly better than SNCF in terms of sensory function [excellent/good/fair/poor: (17/7/3/2)vs (4/1/1/1) vs (2/3/7/3), P=0.046], and the donor scar score [(3.9±0.9) vs (4.2±1.3) vs (5.1± 0.9), P<0.001]. [Conclusion] PAPF retrogradeskin flap for the repairing soft tissue defect complicated with open ankle fracture and dislocation has advantages of few complications, moresatisfactory flap appearance and better sensory function recovery.

    • >荟萃分析
    • A meta-analysis of the effect of body composition on outcome of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

      2024, 32(8):709-714. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.07

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      Abstract:[Objective] To investigate the influence of body composition on outcome of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty by metaanalysis.[Methods] The literatures from CNKI, Wanfang, Weipu, China Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Li-brary and Web of Science were searched by computer untill September 2023, and meta-analysis of the included literatures was performedusing RevMan 5.4. [Results] A total of 11 literatures were included, including 3 prospective studies and 8 retrospective studies, all ofwhich were high quality studies, involving a total of 3 624 knees, including 1 258 knees in the obese group and 2 366 knees in the normalgroup. As results of meta-analysis, there were no statistically significant differences in VAS score, KSS score, HSS score and incidence ofpostoperative complications between the obese group and the normal group (P>0.05). However, the obese group was marked significantlylower postoperative OKS score (I2= 89%, MD=-2.99, 95%CI -5.18~0.81, P=0.007), and significantly less postoperative knee range of mo-tion (I2=34%, MD=-3.38, 95%CI -4.32~-2.44, P<0.001), whereas significantly higher postoperative revision rate (I2= 23%, RR=1.51, 95%CI 1.06~2.14, P=0.02) than the normal group. [Conclusion] Compared with those normal body composition, the obese patients do still ob-tain benefits from UKA, but with postoperative OKS score and knee joint motion inferior to the normal body composition patients, while in-creased postoperative revision surgery rate.

    • >综述
    • Current research on role of macrophage polarization in intervertebral disc degeneration

      2024, 32(8):715-720. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.08

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      Abstract:Persistent low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of health care and disability, resulting in a significant health care burden.Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, dorsal root ganglion, muscle and other spinal tissue structure and function abnormalities can induceor aggravate LBP, among which disc degeneration is considered to be the most important factor causing LBP, while age is also the key factorof IVD degeneration because aging increases disc degeneration and disease progression. Studies have shown that macrophages are infiltratedin both human and rodent degraded IVDs, and the number of macrophages is positively correlated with the degree of disc degeneration. Thisarticle reviewed the current research status of macrophage polarization in intervertebral disc aging and degeneration, to understand the poten-tial mechanism of intervertebral disc aging, in order to help delay or decrease the age-dependent degeneration process, and provide referenc-es for clinical prevention and treatment of LBP.

    • Research progress on the preventive measures of nerve damage in spinal deformity correction surgery

      2024, 32(8):721-726. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.09

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      Abstract:Spinal deformity osteotomy correction is an effective method for treating severe spinal deformities. However, spinal deformi-ty correction surgery is difficult, risky, with many complications, especially neurological complications that often cause motor sensory disor-ders or even paralysis in the limbs. This is one of the main concerns of spinal surgeons, and perioperative preventive measures are very im-portant. This article reviews the risk factors for complications of spinal cord nerve injury in spinal deformity correction surgery, especiallythe application of preventive measures such as preoperative traction, electrophysiological monitoring, 3D printing, and artificial intelligenceapplications. It is suggested that spinal surgeons should attach great importance to the application of preventive measures in spinal deformi-ty osteotomy and correction surgery, in order to avoid and reduce complications of nerve injury.

    • Research progress in platelet-rich plasma promoting meniscus repair

      2024, 32(8):727-732. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.10

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      Abstract:Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a blood-derived product that is isolated from venous blood and is rich in platelets and growthfactors. PRP is involved in delaying or repairing meniscus injury and reducing knee pain by promoting the regeneration of meniscus cells,increasing collagen synthesis, regulating the internal microenvironment of damaged meniscus, etc. This paper aims to summarize the charac-teristics of meniscus injury, the preparation and classification of PRP, the mechanism of action of PRP in meniscus injury repair and thecurrent situation and shortcomings of its application in meniscus injury, and propose the development direction of PRP in promoting menis-cus repair in the future, so as to be a better reference for clinical practice.

    • Research progress in nerve ingrowth in intervertebral disc degeneration

      2024, 32(8):733-737. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.11

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      Abstract:Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the leading cause of low back pain (LBP), which is accompanied by abnormal me-tabolism of extracellular matrix, increased release of proinflammatory cytokines, and ingrowth of nerve fibers and blood vessels. At the sametime, it has been shown that the innervation of IVDD tissue mainly includes sensory nerves and sympathetic nerves, and the ectopic in-growth of the nerve into the inner annulus fibrosus (AF) and nucleus pulposus (NP) is the main cause of LBP. Here we give an overview ofthe progress of nerve ingrowth in IVDD, discuss the regulation of nerve fibers and the role of neurotransmitters. The research on nerve in-growth may help to identify new therapeutic directions.

    • Research progress on role of p53 protein in osteoporosis

      2024, 32(8):738-743. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.12

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      Abstract:Osteoporosis (OP) is a kind of bone metabolic disease usually happened in middle-aged and elderly, characterized by thereduction of bone mineral density and the destruction of bone microstructure. Accompanied by a large number of bone loss, it is easy to leadto fragility fractures in various parts of the body, causing heavy family and social burden. Therefore, it is of great significance to study thebasic theory of OP and develop new drugs. With the deepening of research on the molecular mechanism of OP, relevant regulatory factorshave been discovered one after another. p53 protein is an important intracellular regulatory factor, regulating the proliferation, differentia-tion, apoptosis, autophagy and other life processes of various cells in the body. The evidence is growing that p53 plays an important role inregulating the function and metabolism of bone and may become a new target for the treatment of bone metabolic diseases including OP.

    • >基础研究
    • A finite element analysis on ankle joint fusion with three cannulated screw configurations

      2024, 32(8):744-749. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.13

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      Abstract:[Objective] To explore the effect of different configurations of cannulated screws on the stability of ankle joint fusion by fi-nite element analysis. [Methods] Thin-layer scan from knee joint to sole was performed in a 37-year-old male volunteer by spiral CT, andDICOM images were obtained and imported into Mimics to segment three-dimensional point clouds of calcaneus, talus, tibia and fibula,and then, the finite element model of ankle joint was simulated in Geomagic and Hypermesh. The normal control model and the ankle jointfusion models with double screws parallel (DSP), double screws crossover (DSC) and triple screws crossover (TSC) were established respec-tively. The relative displacement of the tibial talar joint surface, the Mises stress peak value and the mean Mises stress in the model were ob-served. [Results] The DSP group proved significantly greater than the DSC and TSC groups in term of displacements under loading, includ-ing plantar flexion [(106.2±8.6) μm vs (58.9±4.5) μm vs (58.5±4.1) μm, P<0.001] internal rotation [(101.6±6.4) μm vs (59.1±4.4) μm vs(58.5±4.0) μm, P<0.001] and external rotation [(101.5±6.6) μm vs (58.5±4.6) μm vs (58.3±4.2) μm, P<0.001], while there was no signifi-cant difference between the DSC and TSC groups (P>0.05). The DSP had significantly greater peaks Mises stress on the implant than DSCgroup and the TSC group (65.5 MPa, 51.3 MPa, 50.5 MPa). In addition, the Mises stress on the tibiotalar articular surface in the DSP groupwas significantly less than those in the DSC and the TSC groups (P<0.05), whereas which was not statistically significant between DSCgroup and TSC group (P>0.05). [Conclusion] The DSC and TSC have significantly better stability of the screw placement configuration thanthat in DCP placement, while good stability of the screw palcement is conducive to improving the success rate of arthroscopic ankle arthrod-esis.

    • >技术创新
    • Arthroscopic reduction and fixation of posterior malleolar fracture with percutaneous cannulated screw

      2024, 32(8):750-754. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.14

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      Abstract:[Objective]To introduce the surgical technique and preliminary clinical results of percutaneous cannulated screw fixationof displaced posterior malleolar fractures under arthroscopic supervision. [Methods] From September 2019 to September 2022, 31 patientsreceived percutaneous cannulated screw fixation of displaced posterior malleolar fractures under arthroscopic supervision for ankle frac-tures. At the level of the medial malleolar tip, lateral and medial portals 1.5 cm apart Achilles tendon were established. The arthroscope wasintroduced through the lateral portal to reveal the distal tibial articular cartilage step formed by the proximal displacement of the posteriormalleolar fracture block. The posterior malleolar fracture block was reduced by percutaneous prying and fixed with cannulated screws un-der the surveillance of arthroscopy. [Results] All the 31 patients were operated on smoothly without complications of vascular and nerve in-jury, with the operative wounds healed in one stage, and fracture healing in (9.4±2.3) weeks on an average. Compared with those preopera-tively, VAS [(6.1±1.9), (0.7±1.9), P<0.001], AOFAS [(38.2±11.7), (97.4±5.8), P<0.001] and Maryland score [(52.7±17.1), (95.5±6.3), P<0.001] were significantly improved by the time of the latest follow-up. Postoperative imaging showed that the articular arc was completelyrecovered or remained a step <2 mm in 28 cases, and a step >2 mm in 3 cases. [Conclusion] This technique has advantages of direct visionduring operation, accurate reduce and fixation, minimizing posterior soft tissue involvement, which is conducive to recovery of ankle jointfunction, and fracture healing.

    • Posterior cervical laminar screw fixation for refractory cervical facet fracture and dislocation

      2024, 32(8):755-758. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.15

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      Abstract:[Objective] To introduce the surgical technique and preliminary clinical results of posterior cervical laminar screw fixationfor refractory cervical facet fracture and dislocation. [Methods] A total of 7 patients who failed to skull traction reduction of cervical facetfracture and dislocation were treated with posterior open reduction, laminar screw fixation and bone grafting. A posterior midline incisionwas made to reveal cervical spinous process, facet and ligaments. As paravertebral muscle of the dislocated side was retracted to the outeredge of the lateral mass, a total of 3 segments were exposed, including the affected, as well as the above and below adjacent segments. Ad-justing the traction weight and direction, the dislocated facet joint was reduced under the guidance of the nerve stripper. A universal screwwas inserted into the contralateral lamina at the base of the spinous process aiming the center of the contralateral mass individually in the 3segments. A linking rod was shaped and fastened with the 3 screws to finish fixation, with bone autograft placed on the affected side. [Results] All patients were successfully operated on without nerve, vascular injury and other serious complications, while with operative time of(95.7±10.2) min, and intraoperative blood loss of (43.0±7.2) ml. All 8 facet fractures and dislocations in the 7 patients were reduced, with-out ventral laminar cortex perforated by screws. All of them had the involved segments fused with an average fusion time of (2.4±0.4)months, and no implant loosening and fracture, no re-dislocation were found in anyone of them. [Conclusion] Compared with the lateralmass screw fixation, the lamina screw fixation may be a more convenient, safe and feasible method for the treatment of irreducible cervicalfacet fracture and dislocation.

    • Repair of small wounds with keystone design perforator island flap

      2024, 32(8):759-763. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.16

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      Abstract:[Objective] To introduce the surgical techniques and preliminary clinical results of keystone design perforator island flap(KDPIF) for repairing small wounds. [Methods] A total of 26 patients were treated with KDPIF for small wounds in the lower leg or foot andankle. After debridement, the wound was trimmed to an oval shape with long axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the limb. The flap wasdesigned on one side of the wound, with short bottom edge of the curved wound edge and the long bottom edge parallel to the short bottomedge maintaining a ratio of 1∶1 to 1.5∶1 between the width of the flap and the maximum width of the wound. Cut the edge of the skin flapalong the design line, separate the skin and fascia tissue, push the skin flap to the wound and suture in layers, finally, close donor area bydirect suture. [Results] All patients were successfully operated on without serious complications, and got the flaps survived well, despite thefact that there were 4 cases of flap swelling, 1 case of flap edge necrosis, 3 cases of incision dehiscence, and 2 cases of pain deficiency inthe early stage. All patients were followed up for 12 to 30 months, with an average of (22.9±6.3) months. At the last follow-up, the textureand color of the flap were similar to the surrounding tissue. In addition, the sensory grade of the flap was significantly improved from S0/S1/S2/S3/>S3 (2/8/10/3/3) before discharge to (0/2/3/6/15) at the latest follow up (P<0.05), while the VAS score was significantly reduced from(4.6±1.9) to (0.8±0.4) accordingly (P<0.05). According to the AOFAS score, 14 cases were excellent and 10 cases were good, with an excel-lent and good rate of 92.3%. [Conclusion] This keystone design perforator island flap can better meet the appearance and function require-ments, and is an effective way to repair small wounds in the lower leg or foot and ankle.

    • >临床研究
    • Modified 8-figure double suture loop for fixation of type II tibial interspinal avulsion fracture under arthroscope

      2024, 32(8):764-768. DOI: 10.3977/j.issn.1005-8478.2024.08.17

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      Abstract:[Objective] To investigate the clinical outcomes of modified 8-figure double suture loop for fixation of type II tibial interspi-nal avulsion fracture under arthroscope. [Methods] A retrospective study was conducted on 17 patients who underwent abovesaid proce-dures for Meyers-Mckeever type II tibial interspinal fracture under arthroscope from October 2015 to May 2020. The clinical and imagingdocuments were evaluated. [Results] All patients were successfully operated without serious complications, and followed up for (18.5±6.9)months in a mean. With time preoperatively, 3 months postoperatively and the last follow-up, the VAS score decreased significantly [(6.8±0.8), (2.3±0.5), (0.9±07), P<0.001], while the Lysholm score [(51.9±4.2), (81.3±1.4), (91.2±2.0), P<0.001], IKDC scores [(53.4±2.9), (79.7±2.8), (89.5±2.4), P<0.001], and ROM [(67.6±1.1)°, (102.2±3.8)°, (124.1±1.0)°, P<0.001] increased significantly. In addition, the knee laxi-ty in terms of anterior drawer test and Lachman test were also significantly improved (P<0.05). Regarding imaging, all patients got fracturereduction excellent, with the mean fracture healing time of (11.2±0.8) weeks. [Conclusion] The modified 8-figure double suture loop fixa-tion under arthroscope does achieve anatomical reduction and firm fixation of Meyes-McKeever type II tibial interspinal fractures with satis-factory clinical consequences.